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What Causes What
Surroundings

Green space exposure

How much vegetation, park or garden a person lives near or can reach. Time spent outdoors is a different measure.

Studies measure it from satellite greenness around the home, distance to a park, trees seen from the street, or whether a household has a garden. Outdoor time on this atlas is hours spent outside. Green space exposure is what surrounds the home, whether or not anyone goes out.

Also called greenspace, residential greenness, access to gardens, urban green space.

Connected relationships

OBSERVED− DECREASES

Meta-analysis · Low

Green space exposure→Anxiety

Higher green space exposure decreases anxiety.

People with access to a garden had lower odds of anxiety: a pooled odds ratio of 0.73 in a meta-analysis of studies from the pandemic years.

Read the full evidence

OBSERVED− DECREASES

Meta-analysis · Low

Green space exposure→Depression

Higher green space exposure decreases depression.

People with access to a garden had lower odds of depression: a pooled odds ratio of 0.71 in a meta-analysis of studies from the pandemic years.

Read the full evidence

Sources