Ultra-processed food intake
% of energy
Diet quality marker. Tracks income, time poverty, and metabolic load.
UPF is both a cause of metabolic damage in feeding trials and a SES symptom. Using it as a moral explanation for other people's hormones skips the budget constraint.
Also called junk food, NOVA 4.
Incident edges
MECHANISM
Randomized trial · Moderate
Ultra-processed food intake→Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)
UPF raises intake in a ward trial. That is a food-environment effect, not a moral one, and it is not a career steroid.