Socioeconomic status
Income, wealth, education, formal power, and networks. These factors often explain associations that look biological at first glance.
Disposable income
Flow of resources after tax. Buys time, health inputs, and mating-market position.
Educational attainment
Years or credentials. Confounds health behavior, income, and almost every biomarker.
Employment status
In work or not. The outcome most often falsely credited to vitamins.
Formal organizational power
Command over people or budgets inside an institution.
Job strain
High job demands with low control. Karasek's score is not having a job, and it is not a wide network.
Net worth
Stock of assets minus liabilities. Different incentive object from income.
Social capital
Density and quality of a person's network. A status technology that is not hormonal.
Widowhood
The death of a spouse. Living alone, a thin network, and the feeling of loneliness are different measures.