Lifestyle & environment
Sleep, training, pills, sun, alcohol. The purchasable inputs.
Vitamin / mineral supplementation
Multivitamins, B-complex, D pills. Purchasable health input.
Omega-3 supplementation
Fish-oil and algal DHA/EPA. Another healthy-user magnet.
Resistance training
Progressive strength work. Moves body composition; T responses are acute and small at rest.
Sleep duration and regularity
The cheapest endocrine intervention that actually works.
Time outdoors
UV-B exposure, movement, and a SES-coded leisure habit.
Alcohol intake
Dose-dependent endocrine and decision disruptor.
Ultra-processed food intake
Diet quality marker. Tracks income, time poverty, and metabolic load.
Expansive posture (power pose)
Two minutes of expansive stance, claimed to raise T, cut cortisol, and lift risk-taking. The larger replication did not.