Table 1

The matrix

While other resources grade individual supplements or habits, this atlas grades the relationships between them. You can filter the table below, and the URL will update so you can easily share your exact view.

ScopeAll

Layer

Biology & endocrinology Psychology & behavior Socioeconomic status Lifestyle & environment

Stamp

Robust causal Genetic causal Feedback loop Spurious / confounded

From	Stamp	Sign	To	Design	N papers
25(OH)D	MECHANISM	0 NULL	Cognition	Randomized trial	3
25(OH)D	MECHANISM	0 NULL	Depression	Randomized trial	3
Aerobic	MECHANISM	0 NULL	HOMA-IR	Randomized trial	1
Aerobic	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	Depression	Randomized trial	7
Alcohol	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	Sleep	Review	3
Alcohol	MECHANISM	~ NON-LINEAR	T	Review	4
Ashwagandha	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	Cortisol	Randomized trial	1
Ashwagandha	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	Sleep	Randomized trial	2
Ashwagandha	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	T	Randomized trial	1
Bacopa	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Cognition	Randomized trial	3
Berberine	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	HOMA-IR	Randomized trial	3
Caffeine	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Sleep	Randomized trial	2
Chamomile	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	Sleep	Randomized trial	1
Chromium	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	HOMA-IR	Randomized trial	5
CoQ10	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	CV events	Randomized trial	3
Cortisol	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Leadership	Observational	2
Creatine	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Cognition	Randomized trial	2
Creatine	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Depression	Randomized trial	1
Creatine	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Strength	Randomized trial	4
Curcumin	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	Depression	Randomized trial	1
DHEA-S	MECHANISM	0 NULL	Cognition	Randomized trial	4
Income	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	Vitamins	Observational	1
Dominance	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	Status	Theory	1
Eating window	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	HOMA-IR	Randomized trial	8
Education	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	Homogamy	Observational	1
Evening light	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	Sleep	Randomized trial	8
Fenugreek	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	T	Randomized trial	3
Ferritin	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	Cognition	Randomized trial	4
GLP-1	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	Alcohol	Randomized trial	5
GLP-1	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	CV events	Randomized trial	3
GLP-1	MECHANISM	0 NULL	Depression	Randomized trial	2
GLP-1	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	Fertility	Randomized trial	4
GLP-1	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	HOMA-IR	Randomized trial	4
GLP-1	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	Kidney	Randomized trial	3
GLP-1	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	Mortality	Randomized trial	2
GLP-1	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	OSA	Randomized trial	3
GLP-1	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	Strength	Randomized trial	2
GLP-1	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	Wellbeing	Randomized trial	2
Green tea	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Cognition	Randomized trial	2
Green tea	MECHANISM	0 NULL	HOMA-IR	Randomized trial	3
Hearing	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Cognition	Randomized trial	3
Inositol	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	HOMA-IR	Randomized trial	3
L-theanine	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Cognition	Randomized trial	6
Lion's mane	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Cognition	Randomized trial	3
Magnesium	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	Depression	Randomized trial	2
Magnesium	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	HOMA-IR	Randomized trial	5
Magnesium	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	Sleep	Randomized trial	2
Med diet	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	HOMA-IR	Randomized trial	2
Melatonin	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Sleep	Randomized trial	2
Mindfulness	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	Depression	Randomized trial	2
Shift work	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	HOMA-IR	Randomized trial	2
OSA	MECHANISM	0 NULL	Cognition	Randomized trial	3
OSA	MECHANISM	0 NULL	CV events	Randomized trial	3
OSA	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	HOMA-IR	Randomized trial	7
Omega-3	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	CV events	Randomized trial	3
Omega-3	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Depression	Randomized trial	3
Prestige	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	Leadership	Theory	1
Probiotic	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	Depression	Randomized trial	3
Sitting	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	HOMA-IR	Randomized trial	6
Lifting	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	Depression	Randomized trial	1
Lifting	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	HOMA-IR	Randomized trial	2
Lifting	MECHANISM	~ NON-LINEAR	T	Observational	2
Rhodiola	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Depression	Randomized trial	2
Sleep	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	Cognition	Meta-analysis	4
Sleep	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	Cortisol	Randomized trial	2
Sleep	MECHANISM	0 NULL	Depression	Randomized trial	2
Sleep	MECHANISM	− DECREASES	HOMA-IR	Randomized trial	11
Sleep	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	T	Randomized trial	5
Network	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	Employment	Observational	2
St John's wort	MECHANISM	0 NULL	Depression	Randomized trial	2
Tart cherry	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Sleep	Randomized trial	4
T	MECHANISM	0 NULL	CV events	Randomized trial	1
T	MECHANISM	UNSIGNED	Risk	Randomized trial	7
T	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Status	Observational	4
T	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	UG reject	Randomized trial	3
Outdoors	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	25(OH)D	Observational	2
UPF	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	HOMA-IR	Randomized trial	3
Valerian	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	Sleep	Randomized trial	3
Vitamins	MECHANISM	0 NULL	Cognition	Randomized trial	3
Zinc	MECHANISM	? CONDITIONAL	Cognition	Randomized trial	2
Zinc	MECHANISM	+ INCREASES	T	Randomized trial	2

81 edges in this cut

Cite this page

What Causes What. “Effect matrix.” https://whatcauseswhat.org/matrix?relation=causal_direct (atlas updated 2026-09-02).

https://whatcauseswhat.org/matrix?relation=causal_direct

Loading the atlas…